The Hong Kong Academy of Nursing

The Hong Kong Academy of Nursing

and

The Hong Kong College of Surgical Nursing

The Hong Kong College of Surgical Nursing

 

下肢靜脈系統是由深層靜脈、淺層靜脈及穿通靜脈組成,靠着靜脈內壁單向瓣膜,加上小腿肌肉活動時的推動力,將人體去氧的血液從下肢送回心臟而維持良好的血液循環。

由於靜脈內的單向瓣膜閉合不全,加上小腿肌肉活動不足,血液倒流引致血液滯留於下肢,大大增加了靜脈壓力,久而久之導致靜脈擴張及扭曲,稱為下肢靜脈曲張。

患者可能會有下肢水腫、疲倦、疼痛,嚴重者甚至引致足部皮膚色素沉澱,血栓性靜脈炎、出血、潰瘍等併發症。

誘因

  • 遺傳
  • 多次懷孕
  • 肥胖
  • 久坐的職業
  • 長期站立的職業
  • 年老

預防方法

  • 運動
  • 減肥, 控制體重
  • 避免長期站立或久坐
  • 長期站立/久坐工作者可穿著壓力襪
  • 多作小腿運動
  • 休息時可承高雙腳
  • 避免長期穿著高跟鞋
  • 滋潤及保護雙腳

了解曲張, 及早預防

如有疑問,可向你的家庭醫生或專科護士查詢

 

 

香港外科護理學院

2017年6月6日

 

參考資料/資料來源

  1. Society for Vascular Nursing (2014). Patient Education Resources. Retrieved Mar 8, 2017, from http://svnnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/svn-venous-Disease-Booklet-2014.pdf
  2. Society for Vascular Nursing (2015). Patient Education Resources. Retrieved Mar 2, 2017, from http://svnnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/svn-varicose-veins-Education.pdf.
  3. Varicose veins: diagnosis & management. NICE clinical guideline[CG168] (2013). Retrieved Mar 7, 2017 ,from http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg168.
  4. Varicose veins-NHS Choices (2017). Retrieved Jun 7, 2017 from http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/varicose-veins/Pages/Whatarevaricoseveins.aspx.
  5. Wittens, c., Davies, A. H., Backgoard, N., et al. (2015). Editor’s Choice-Management of chronic venous disease: clinical practice Guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS). European Journal of Vascular Endovascular Surgery,49:678